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Shinjuku Station

Coordinates: 35°41′22″N 139°42′02″E / 35.68944°N 139.70056°E / 35.68944; 139.70056
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Shinjuku Station

新宿駅
Shinjuku Station
The south side of Shinjuku Station in November 2022
General information
LocationShinjuku and Shibuya wards, Tokyo
Japan
Operated by
Connections
Other information
StatusActive
History
Opened1 March 1885; 139 years ago (1885-03-01)
Location
Shinjuku Station is located in Special wards of Tokyo
Shinjuku Station
Shinjuku Station
Location within Special wards of Tokyo
Shinjuku Station is located in Tokyo Bay and Bōsō Peninsula
Shinjuku Station
Shinjuku Station
Shinjuku Station (Tokyo Bay and Bōsō Peninsula)
Shinjuku Station is located in Tokyo
Shinjuku Station
Shinjuku Station
Shinjuku Station (Tokyo)
Shinjuku Station is located in Japan
Shinjuku Station
Shinjuku Station
Shinjuku Station (Japan)

Shinjuku Station (新宿駅, Shinjuku-eki) is a major railway station in Tokyo, Japan, that serves as the main connecting hub for rail traffic between central/eastern Tokyo (the special wards) and Western Tokyo on the inter-city rail, commuter rail, and subway lines. The station straddles the boundary between the Shinjuku and Shibuya special wards. In Shinjuku, it is in the Nishi-Shinjuku and Shinjuku districts; in Shibuya, it is in the Yoyogi and Sendagaya districts.

The station was used by an average of 3.59 million people per day in 2018, making it the world's busiest railway station by far (and registered as such with Guinness World Records).[1] The main East Japan Railway Company (JR East) station and the directly adjacent private railways have a total of 35 platforms, an underground arcade, above-ground arcade and numerous hallways with another 17 platforms (53 total) that can be accessed through hallways to five directly connected stations without surfacing outside. The entire above/underground complex has well over 200 exits.

History

[edit]
Shinjuku Station in 1925

Shinjuku Station opened in 1885 as a stop on Japan Railway's Akabane-Shinagawa line (now part of the Yamanote Line). Shinjuku was still a quiet community at the time and the station was not heavily trafficked at first. The opening of the Chūō Line (1889), Keiō Line (1915) and Odakyū Line (1923) led to increased traffic through the station.

Japanese government urban planner Kensaburo Kondo designed a major revamp of the station in 1933, which included a large public square on the west side completed in 1941. Kondo's plan also called for extending the Tokyu Toyoko Line to a new underground terminal on the west side of the station and constructing an east–west underground line that would be served by the Seibu Railway and the Tokyo Kosoku Railway (forerunner of Tokyo Metro), while the Keio and Odakyu lines would use above-ground terminals to the west of the JR station. These plans were suspended upon the onset of World War II but influenced the current layout of the station area.[2] Subway service ultimately began in 1959.

Lumine Est building, originally designed to accommodate the Seibu Shinjuku Line on its second floor

The Seibu Shinjuku Line was extended from Takadanobaba Station to Seibu Shinjuku Station in 1952. Seibu Shinjuku was built as a temporary station pending a planned redevelopment of the east side of Shinjuku Station, which was to feature a large station building that would house a new Seibu terminal on its second floor. Seibu abandoned its plan to use the building due to a lack of space for trains longer than six cars; the building is now known as Lumine Est and retains some design features originally intended to accommodate the Seibu terminal (in particular, a very high ceiling on the first floor and a very low ceiling on the second floor). In the late 1980s, Seibu planned to build an underground terminal on the east side of Shinjuku but indefinitely postponed the plan in 1995 due to costs and declining passenger growth.[2]

On 8 August 1967, a freight train carrying jet fuel bound for the U.S. air bases at Tachikawa and Yokota collided with another freight train and caught fire on the Chūō Rapid tracks. The incident stoked ongoing political controversy in Japan regarding the Vietnam War.[3] The station was a major site for student protests in 1968 and 1969, the height of civil unrest in postwar Japan. On 21 October 1968, 290,000 marchers participated in International Anti-War Day, taking over Shinjuku station and forcing trains to stop. In May and June 1969, members of the antiwar group Beheiren carrying guitars and calling themselves "folk guerrillas" led weekly singalongs in the underground plaza outside the west exit of the station, attracting crowds of thousands. Participants described it as a "liberated zone" and a "community of encounter."[4] In July, riot police cleared the plaza with tear gas and changed signs in the station to read "West Exit Concourse" instead of "West Exit Plaza." The incident represented a significant defeat for public activism in Tokyo.

There have been plans at various points in history to connect Shinjuku to the Shinkansen network, and the 1973 Shinkansen Basic Plan, still in force, specifies that the station should be the southern terminus of the Jōetsu Shinkansen line to Niigata. While construction of the Ōmiya-Shinjuku link never started and the Jōetsu line presently terminates in Tokyo Station, the right of way, including an area underneath the station, remains reserved.

On 5 May 1995, the Aum Shinrikyo doomsday cult attempted a chemical terrorist attack by setting off a cyanide gas device in a toilet in the underground concourse, barely a month after the gas attack on the Tokyo subway which killed 13, left 6,252 people with non-fatal injuries, severely injured 50 people, and caused 984 cases of temporary vision problems. This time the attack was thwarted by staff who extinguished the burning device.

The station facilities on the Marunouchi Line were inherited by Tokyo Metro after the privatization of the Teito Rapid Transit Authority (TRTA) in 2004.[5]

Station numbering was introduced to the Odakyu terminal in 2014 with Shinjuku being assigned station number OH01.[6][7]

A major expansion of the JR terminal was completed in April 2016, adding a 32-story office tower, bus terminal, taxi terminal, and numerous shops and restaurants.[8]

Station numbering was introduced to the JR East platforms in 2016 with Shinjuku being assigned station numbers JB10 for the Chūō-Sobu line, JS20 for the Shonan-Shinjuku line, JA11 for the Saikyō line, JC05 for the Chuo line rapid, and JY17 for the Yamanote line. At the same time, JR East assigned the station a 3-letter code to its major transfer stations; Shinjuku was assigned the code "SJK".[9][10]

In 2020, the east–west free passageway was opened, shortening the time required for pedestrians to pass between the east and west exits by 10 minutes.[11] A major redevelopment of the station and the surrounding area began in July 2021 with the aim of improving pedestrian flow and making it easier and faster to cut through the east and west sides of the station. Construction is expected to continue until 2047.[12]

Keiō Shinjuku Station

[edit]
Keio Shinjuku Oiwake Building, the site of the former terminal

When the Keio Line extended to Shinjuku in 1915, its terminal was located several blocks east of the government railway (presently JR) station. The terminal was first named Shinjuku-Oiwake Station (新宿追分駅) and was on the street near the Isetan department store. In 1927, the station was moved from the street to a newly built terminal adjacent to the original station. The station building housed a department store. The station name was changed to Yotsuya-Shinjuku Station (四谷新宿駅) in 1930 and again to Keiō Shinjuku Station (京王新宿駅) in 1937.

The tracks from the terminal were on the Kōshū Kaidō highway, which crosses the Yamanote Line and the Chūō Line in front of the south entrance of Shinjuku Station by a bridge. The Keiō Line had a station for access to Shinjuku Station, named Teishajō-mae Station (停車場前駅) and renamed in 1937 Shōsen Shinjuku Ekimae Station (省線新宿駅前駅).

In July 1945, the terminal of the Keiō Line was relocated to the present location, though on the ground level, on the west side of Shinjuku Station. Keiō Shinjuku Station and Shōsen Shinjuku Ekimae Station were closed. This was because the trains faced difficulty in climbing up the slopes of the bridge over the governmental railway after one of the nearby transformer substations was destroyed by an air raid. The site of Keiō Shinjuku Station near Shinjuku-Sanchōme subway station is now occupied by two buildings owned by Keiō: Keiō Shinjuku Sanchōme Building and Keiō Shinjuku Oiwake Building.

Lines

[edit]

Shinjuku is served by the following railway systems:

Station facilities

[edit]

JR East

[edit]
SJKJY17JC05JB10JS20JA11
Shinjuku Station

新宿駅
Shinjuku Station South entrance in October 2021
General information
Location3-38-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku City, Tokyo
Japan
Operated byLogo of the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) JR East
Line(s)
Platforms8 island platforms
Tracks16
ConnectionsBus interchange Bus terminal
Construction
Structure typeAt grade
AccessibleYes
Other information
Station codeSJK
History
Opened1 March 1885; 139 years ago (1885-03-01)
Passengers
FY2015775,386 daily[13]
Services
Preceding station Logo of the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) JR East Following station
Yoyogi
JY18
Next counter-clockwise
Yamanote Line Shin-Ōkubo
JY16
Next clockwise
Tachikawa
JC19
towards Minami-Otari
Azusa Kinshichō
JO22
towards Chiba
Tokyo
TYOJC01
Terminus
Tachikawa
JC19
towards Ryūō
Kaiji Tokyo
TYOJC01

(limited service)
Terminus
Tachikawa
JC19
towards Ōtsuki
Fuji Excursion Kinshichō
One-way operation
Tachikawa
JC19
towards Hachiōji
Hachioji Tokyo
TYOJC01
Terminus
Tachikawa
JC19
towards Ōme
Ōme
Kokubunji
One-way operation
Chūō Line
Commuter Special Rapid
Yotsuya
JC04
towards Tokyo
Nakano
JC06
towards Ōtsuki
Chūō Line
Chūō Special Rapid
Nakano
JC06
towards Tachikawa
Chūō Line
Ōme Special Rapid
Nakano
JC06
towards Ōtsuki
Chūō Line
Commuter Rapid
Yotsuya
One-way operation
Chūō Line
Rapid
Yotsuya
JC04
towards Tokyo
Ōkubo
JB09
towards Mitaka
Chūō–Sōbu Line Yoyogi
JB11
towards Chiba
Terminus Narita Express Shibuya
SBYJS19
Shibuya
SBYJS19
towards Itō
Saphir Odoriko Terminus
Shibuya
SBYJS19
towards Odawara
Shōnan
Terminus Nikkō and Kinugawa Ikebukuro
IKBJS21
Shibuya
SBYJS19
towards Odawara or Zushi
Shōnan–Shinjuku Line
Special Rapid
Rapid
Local
Ikebukuro
IKBJS21
Shibuya
SBYJA10
towards Ōsaki
Saikyō Line
Commuter Rapid
Rapid
Local
Ikebukuro
IKBJA12
towards Ōmiya
Shibuya
SBYJA10
towards Ebina
Sōtetsu–JR Link Line Terminus

The station is centered around facilities servicing the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) lines. These consist of eight ground-level island platforms (16 tracks) on a north–south axis, connected by two overhead and two underground concourses. Most JR services here are urban and suburban mass transit lines, although many limited express services to Kōfu and Matsumoto on the Chūō Main Line and to Nikkō and Kinugawa Onsen via joint operations with the private Tōbu Railway also begin and end at this station, including Narita Express services to and from Narita International Airport. The JR section alone handles an average of 1.5 million passengers a day.


1-2 JA Saikyō Line for ‹See TfM›Shibuya, ‹See TfM›Ōsaki, and ‹See TfM›Shin-Kiba (via the R Rinkai Line)
for ‹See TfM›Hazawa yokohama-kokudai and ‹See TfM›Ebina (via the Sōtetsu Line)
for ‹See TfM›Ikebukuro, ‹See TfM›Ōmiya, and ‹See TfM›Kawagoe (via the Kawagoe Line)
JS Shōnan-Shinjuku Line for ‹See TfM›Yokohama, ‹See TfM›Ōfuna, ‹See TfM›Chigasaki, ‹See TfM›Hiratsuka, ‹See TfM›Kōzu, and ‹See TfM›Odawara (via the JT Tōkaidō Main Line)
for ‹See TfM›Yokohama, ‹See TfM›Ōfuna, ‹See TfM›Kamakura, and ‹See TfM›Zushi (via the JO Yokosuka Line)
3 JA Saikyō Line for ‹See TfM›Ikebukuro, ‹See TfM›Ōmiya, and ‹See TfM›Kawagoe (via the Kawagoe Line)
4 JA Saikyō Line for ‹See TfM›Ikebukuro, ‹See TfM›Ōmiya, and ‹See TfM›Kawagoe (via the Kawagoe Line)
JS Shōnan-Shinjuku Line for ‹See TfM›Ōmiya, ‹See TfM›Kumagaya, and ‹See TfM›Takasaki (via the JU Takasaki Line)
for ‹See TfM›Ōmiya, ‹See TfM›Oyama, and ‹See TfM›Utsunomiya (via the JU Utsunomiya Line)
5-6  Limited Express Shonan for ‹See TfM›Odawara
Saphir ODORIKO for ‹See TfM›Izukyu Shimoda
Kinugawa for ‹See TfM›Kinugawa-Onsen
Narita Express for ‹See TfM›Narita Airport
Nikkō for ‹See TfM›Tōbu Nikkō
7-8 JC Chūō Line (Rapid) for ‹See TfM›Ochanomizu and ‹See TfM›Tokyo
Ltd. Express Hachiōji / Ōme for ‹See TfM›Tokyo
Ltd. Express Azusa / Kaiji for ‹See TfM›Tokyo[Note 1] and ‹See TfM›Chiba[Note 2]
Ltd. Express Shinjuku Sazanami for ‹See TfM›Chiba and ‹See TfM›Tateyama
Ltd. Express Shinjuku Wakashio for ‹See TfM›Chiba and ‹See TfM›Awa-Kamogawa
9-10 JC Chūō Line (Rapid) Ltd. Express Hachiōji for ‹See TfM›Hachiōji
Ltd. Express Ōme for ‹See TfM›Ōme
Holiday Rapid Okutama for ‹See TfM›Okutama
 Chūō Main Line Ltd. Express Azusa for ‹See TfM›Matsumoto and ‹See TfM›Minami-Otari
Ltd. Express Fuji Excursion for ‹See TfM›Kawaguchiko
Ltd. Express Kaiji for ‹See TfM›Kōfu and ‹See TfM›Ryūō
11-12 JC Chūō Line (Rapid) for ‹See TfM›Nakano, ‹See TfM›Tachikawa, ‹See TfM›Hachiōji, ‹See TfM›Takao, and ‹See TfM› Ōtsuki
for ‹See TfM›Haijima and ‹See TfM›Ōme (via the JC Ōme Line)
13 JB Chūō-Sōbu Line for ‹See TfM›Suidōbashi, ‹See TfM›Akihabara, and ‹See TfM›Chiba
14 JY Yamanote Line (counter-clockwise) for ‹See TfM›Harajuku, ‹See TfM›Shibuya, and ‹See TfM›Shinagawa
15 JY Yamanote Line (clockwise) for ‹See TfM›Ikebukuro, ‹See TfM›Tabata, ‹See TfM›Nippori, and ‹See TfM›Ueno
16 JB Chūō-Sōbu Line for ‹See TfM›Higashi-Nakano, ‹See TfM›Nakano, and ‹See TfM›Mitaka
  1. ^ Azusa No. 4, 8, 12 and 16, as well as Kaiji No. 2, 6, 10 and 14 continue to Tokyo.
  2. ^ Azusa No. 50 continues to Chiba.

Odakyu

[edit]

Shinjuku Station

新宿駅
Odakyu station
West exit of Odakyu Shinjuku Station
General information
Location1-1-3 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo
Japan
Operated by Odakyu Electric Railway
Line(s) Odakyu Odawara Line
Construction
Structure type
  • Ground level (platforms 1–6)
  • Underground (platforms 7–10)
AccessibleYes (all levels)
Other information
Station codeOH01
History
Opened1927
Passengers
FY2015492,324 daily
Services
Preceding station Odakyu Following station
Seijōgakuen-Mae
Romancecar Terminus
Yoyogi-Uehara
towards Odawara
Odawara Line
Rapid Express
Yoyogi-Uehara
Odawara Line
Commuter Express
Yoyogi-Uehara
towards Odawara
Odawara Line
Express
Minami-Shinjuku
Odawara Line
Local

The terminus for the private Odakyu Odawara Line is parallel to the JR platforms on the west side and handles an average of 490,000 passengers daily. This is a major commuter route stretching southwest through the suburbs and out towards the coastal city of Odawara and the mountains of Hakone. The ten platforms are built on two levels beneath the Odakyu department store; three express service tracks (six platforms) on the ground level and two tracks (four platforms) on the level below. Each track has platforms on both sides in order to completely separate boarding and alighting passengers.

Chest-high platform screen doors were added to platforms 4 and 5 in September 2012.[14]

Ground level

[edit]
1    Not in use
2, 3  Ltd. Express. "Romancecar" for ‹See TfM›Odawara, ‹See TfM›Hakone-Yumoto, ‹See TfM›Fujisawa, and ‹See TfM›Gotemba
4, 5  Rapid Express for ‹See TfM›Shin-Yurigaoka, ‹See TfM›Machida, ‹See TfM›Ebina, ‹See TfM›Hon-Atsugi, ‹See TfM›Shin-Matsuda, ‹See TfM›Odawara, ‹See TfM›Chūō-Rinkan, ‹See TfM›Yamato, ‹See TfM›Shōnandai and ‹See TfM›Fujisawa
 Express for ‹See TfM›Noborito, ‹See TfM›Shin-Yurigaoka, ‹See TfM›Machida, ‹See TfM›Ebina, ‹See TfM›Hon-Atsugi, ‹See TfM›Shin-Matsuda, ‹See TfM›Odawara, ‹See TfM›Chūō-Rinkan, ‹See TfM›Yamato, ‹See TfM›Shōnandai, ‹See TfM›Fujisawa and ‹See TfM›Katase-Enoshima
6    (Alighting only)

Underground level

[edit]
7    (Alighting only)
8, 9  Local for ‹See TfM›Shin-Yurigaoka, ‹See TfM›Sagami-Ono, and ‹See TfM›Hon-Atsugi
10    (Alighting only)

Keio/Toei Subway (Toei Shinjuku Line)

[edit]
KO01 S01
Shinjuku Station

新宿駅
Keio/Toei Subway station
West exit of Keio Shinjuku Station
General information
Location1-1-4 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku City, Tokyo
Japan
Operated by
Line(s)
Platforms3 bay platforms
Tracks3
Construction
Structure typeUnderground
AccessibleYes
Other information
Station codeKO-01
History
Opened1915
Rebuilt1978
Passengers
FY2015757,823 daily
Services
Preceding station Following station
Meidaimae
KO06
Keiō Liner Terminus
Meidaimae
KO06
towards Hashimoto
Sasazuka
KO04
Keiō Line
Special Express
Sasazuka
KO04
Keiō Line
Express
Semi Express
Rapid
Local
Hatsudai
KO02
towards Sasazuka
Keiō New Line
Express
Semi Express
Rapid
Local
through to Shinjuku Line
Preceding station Toei Subway Following station
through to Keiō New Line Shinjuku Line
Express
Ichigaya
S04
towards Motoyawata
Shinjuku Line
Local
Shinjuku-sanchome
S02
towards Motoyawata

Keio operates two sections of Shinjuku Station, the traditional Keio Line stub terminal and a separate through station connecting the Keio New Line with the Toei Shinjuku Line. In 2019, 788,567 passengers used the Keio complex daily (Keio and Keio New Lines), which makes it among the busiest among the non-JR Group railways of Japan.[15]

Keio Line

[edit]

The Keio Line concourse is located to the west of the Odakyu line concourse, two floors below ground level under the Keio department store. It consists of three platforms stretching north to south. An additional thin platform between Platforms 2 and 3 is used for alighting only. This suburban commuter line links Shinjuku to the city of Hachiōji to the west.[16] Chest-high platform edge doors were introduced on the Keio Line platforms in March 2014.[17] The doors are different colours for each platform; the doors on Platform 2 are green.[17]


1 KO Keiō Line
(Keiō Liner<Weekdays>, Special Express, Express, Semi Express, Rapid, Local)
for ‹See TfM›Meidaimae, ‹See TfM›Chōfu, ‹See TfM›Keiō Tama-Center, and ‹See TfM›Keiō-Hachiōji
KO Keiō Sagamihara Line for ‹See TfM›Hashimoto (via ‹See TfM›Chōfu)
KO Keiō Takao Line for ‹See TfM›Takaosanguchi (via ‹See TfM›Kitano)
2 KO Keiō Line
(Keiō Liner<Weekends / Holidays>, Mt.Takao, Special Express, Express, Semi Express, Rapid, Local)
(Same as Platform 1)
-   (Alighting only)
3 KO Keiō Line
(Special Express, Express, Semi Express, Rapid)
(Same as Platform 1)

Keio New Line and Toei Shinjuku Line

[edit]

The shared facilities for the Toei Shinjuku subway line and the Keiō New Line are distinctively called Keiō New Line Shinjuku Station (新線新宿駅, Shinsen Shinjuku-eki) and consist of two platforms stretching east–west five floors beneath the Kōshū Kaidō avenue to the southwest of the JR section. The concourse is managed by Keio Corporation but is in a separate location from the main Keio platforms. Further south (and deeper underground) are the two north-to-south Toei Ōedo subway line platforms.

4 KO Keio New Line for ‹See TfM›Hatsudai, ‹See TfM›Hatagaya, ‹See TfM›Sasazuka, ‹See TfM›Meidaimae, ‹See TfM›Chōfu and ‹See TfM›Hashimoto
5 S Toei Shinjuku Line for ‹See TfM›Ichigaya, ‹See TfM›Kudanshita, ‹See TfM›Jimbocho, ‹See TfM›Ōjima, and ‹See TfM›Motoyawata

Toei Subway (Toei Oedo Line)

[edit]
E27
Shinjuku Station

新宿駅
Toei Subway station
Oedo Line platform
General information
Location2-1-1 Yoyogi, Shibuya, Tokyo
Japan
Operated by Toei Subway
Line(s)
Platforms1 island platform
Tracks2
ConnectionsShinjuku Expressway Bus Terminal
Construction
Structure typeUnderground
AccessibleYes
Other information
Station codeE-27
History
Opened19 December 1997; 26 years ago (1997-12-19)
Services
Preceding station Toei Subway Following station
Tochomae
E28
towards Hikarigaoka
Ōedo Line Yoyogi
E26
towards Tochōmae

Toei Ōedo Line's two underground platforms stretch north–south to the south of the Toei Shinjuku Line and Keio New Line facilities. This is on the 7th basement floor of Tokyo prefectural road 414(Yotsuya-Tsunohazu Ave.).


6 E Ōedo Line for ‹See TfM›Roppongi and ‹See TfM›Daimon
7 E Ōedo Line for ‹See TfM›Tochōmae and ‹See TfM›Hikarigaoka

Tokyo Metro

[edit]
M08
Shinjuku Station

新宿駅
Tokyo Metro station
Marunouchi Line platform
General information
Location1st Nishiguchi Chikagai,1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo
Japan
Operated byThe logo of the Tokyo Metro. Tokyo Metro
Line(s)
Platforms1 island platform
Tracks2
Construction
Structure typeUnderground
AccessibleYes
Other information
Station codeM-08
History
Opened15 March 1959; 65 years ago (1959-03-15)
Services
Preceding station The logo of the Tokyo Metro. Tokyo Metro Following station
Nishi-Shinjuku
M07
towards Ogikubo or Hōnanchō
Marunouchi Line Shinjuku-sanchome
M09
towards Ikebukuro

Tokyo Metro's two Marunouchi Line underground platforms stretch east–west to the north of the JR and Odakyu facilities, directly below the Metro Promenade underground mall.


1 M Marunouchi Line for ‹See TfM›Nakano-sakaue, ‹See TfM›Ogikubo, and ‹See TfM›Hōnanchō
2 M Marunouchi Line for ‹See TfM›Akasaka-mitsuke, ‹See TfM›Ginza, ‹See TfM›Ōtemachi, and ‹See TfM›Ikebukuro

Commercial facilities

[edit]
East exit of Shinjuku Station
South exit of Shinjuku Station

Many department stores and shopping malls are built directly into the station. These include

  • Lumine Est – above JR's east exit
  • Odakyu department store – above the Odakyu line concourse (Closed down in October 2022.)
  • Odakyu Mylord – above the southern end of the Odakyu line concourse
  • Lumine 1 shopping mall – above the Keio Line concourse
  • Lumine 2 shopping mall – above JR's south and Lumine exits
  • Keio Department store – above the Keio Line concourse
  • Keio Mall – underground mall to the southwest of the Keio Line concourse
  • Odakyu Ace – underground malls beneath the bus terminal by the west exit.

In addition to the above, the Metro Promenade, which is an underground mall owned by Tokyo Metro, extends eastwards from the station beneath Shinjuku-dori avenue, all the way to the adjacent Shinjuku-sanchōme station with 60 exits along the way. The Metro Promenade in turn connects to Shinjuku Subnade, another underground shopping mall, which leads onto Seibu Railway's Seibu-Shinjuku station.

Shinjuku Station is connected by underground passageways and shopping malls to

Nearby non-connected stations (within 500 meters of an underground passageway or station) include

Bus terminals

[edit]

There is a bus terminal at the west exit servicing both local and long-distance buses and a JR Highway Bus terminal at the New South Gates.

On April 4, 2016, the new bus terminal and commercial facilities nearby the south exit, named Busta Shinjuku [ja] (Shinjuku Expressway Bus Terminal), opened for service.[18] Considerable numbers of coaches and airport buses depart from this new terminal.

Passenger statistics

[edit]

The figures below are the official number of passengers entering and exiting (except for JR East) each day released by each train operator. The figure for JR East only includes entering passengers.

Operator Number Fiscal year Source Note
JR East 751,018 (boarding only) 2013 [19] Boarding passengers only. The busiest station in Japan.
Odakyu 494,184 2013 [20] The busiest Odakyu station
Keio 730,849 2013 [21] The busiest Keio station, the sum of the ridership of the Keiō New Line and Keiō Line.
Tokyo Metro 227,366 2013 [22] The 6th busiest Tokyo Metro station
Toei Shinjuku Line 266,869 2013 134,185 entries and 132,684 exits[23] The busiest Toei subway station
Oedo Line 133,075 2013 64,701 entries and 68,374 exits[23]

Average number of passengers per day by fiscal year for the JR East station (1913–1935)

Fiscal year Daily average
1913 5,052[24]
1915 4,684
1920 14,358
1925 40,061
1930 71,555
1935 66,230

Average number of passengers per day by fiscal year for the JR East station (1953–2000)

Fiscal year Daily average
1953 133,435
1955 153,313
1960 305,236[24]
1965 389,700
1970 472,841
1971 614,419[24]
1975 652,642
1980 625,707
1984 648,659[24]
1990 709,490
1991 741,421
1992 735,192
1993 741,342
1994 740,063
1995 743,710
1996 767,800
1997 765,518
1998 756,551
1999 756,772
2000 753,791[25]

Average number of passengers per day by fiscal year for the JR East station (2001–present)

Fiscal year Daily average
2001 745,153[26]
2002 748,515[27]
2003 746,293[28]
2004 742,183[29]
2005 747,930[30]
2006 757,013[31]
2007 785,801[32]
2008 766,020[33]
2009 748,522[34]
2010 736,715[35]
2011 734,154[36]
2012 742,833[37]
2013 751,018[19]
2014 748,157[38]
2015 760,043[39]
2016 769,307[40]
2017 778,618[41]
2018 789,366[42]
2019 775,386[43]
2020 477,073[44]
2021 522,178[45]

Cultural references

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Shinjuku, by Carl Randall

The station and other parts of the Toei Ōedo Line are referenced in the Digimon Adventure franchise.[46][47] Contemporary British painter Carl Randall (who spent ten years living in Tokyo as an artist) depicted the station area in his large oil painting Shinjuku, exhibited at the National Portrait Gallery in London in 2013.[48][49][50][51]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Busiest station". Guinness World Records. Archived from the original on July 14, 2022. Retrieved January 30, 2023.
  2. ^ a b "西武新宿駅はなぜ遠いのか 幻の東口乗り入れ計画". The Nikkei. November 23, 2012. Archived from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved May 6, 2016.
  3. ^ Havens, Thomas R. H. (2014). Fire Across the Sea: The Vietnam War and Japan 1965-1975. Princeton University Press. pp. 126–127. ISBN 9781400858439.
  4. ^ Konaka Yotaro, "Shinjuku: Community of Encounter," Japan Quarterly, 38 no.3 (1991), 301–310.
  5. ^ "「営団地下鉄」から「東京メトロ」へ" [From "Teito Rapid Transit Authority" to "Tokyo Metro"]. Tokyo Metro Online (in Japanese). July 8, 2006. Archived from the original on May 16, 2012. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
  6. ^ "2014年1月から駅ナンバリングを順次導入します!" [From January 2014, station numbering will be introduced sequentially!] (PDF). odakyu.jp (in Japanese). December 24, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 26, 2022. Retrieved January 9, 2023.
  7. ^ Kusamichi, Yoshikazu (December 28, 2013). "小田急グループ、鉄道から海賊船まで通しの駅番号…2014年1月から順次導入" [Odakyu Group, station numbers from railways to pirate ships, Introduced sequentially from January 2014]. Response Automotive Media (in Japanese). Archived from the original on June 22, 2020. Retrieved January 10, 2023.
  8. ^ "新宿駅が生まれ変わります" (PDF). East Japan Railway Company. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 1, 2015. Retrieved May 6, 2016.
  9. ^ "⾸都圏エリアへ 「駅ナンバリング」を導⼊します" [Introduce “station numbering” to the Tokyo metropolitan area] (PDF). jreast.co.jp (in Japanese). April 6, 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 7, 2022. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
  10. ^ Kusamachi, Yoshikazu (April 7, 2016). "JA・JK・JT・AKB…JR東日本、首都圏で駅ナンバリングなど導入へ" [JA, JK, JT, AKB … JR East to introduce station numbering in the Tokyo metropolitan area]. Response Automotive Media (in Japanese). Archived from the original on August 6, 2022. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
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  22. ^ 各駅の乗降人員ランキング [Station usage ranking] (in Japanese). Tokyo Metro. Archived from the original on February 13, 2018. Retrieved August 31, 2014.
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  46. ^ "Odaiba Memorial – Shinjuku". marron.extracaffeine.com. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  47. ^ "Odaiba Memorial – Hikarigaoka". marron.extracaffeine.com. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
  48. ^ BBC World Service: World Update. 'Carl Randall - Painting the faces in Japan's crowded cities'., BBC, 2016, archived from the original on December 27, 2016, retrieved December 27, 2016
  49. ^ BBC News. 'Painting the faces in Japan's crowded cities'., BBC News - Arts & Entertainment, 2016, archived from the original on February 22, 2017, retrieved June 21, 2018
  50. ^ BP Portrait Award 2013, The National Portrait Gallery, London, 2013, archived from the original on February 6, 2017, retrieved December 27, 2016
  51. ^ 'Shinjuku painting'., Carl Randall artist website, 2016, archived from the original on October 21, 2023, retrieved December 27, 2016
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